“Descobri como a gente não conhece a Amazônia.”
A gente aprende na Escola. A Amazônia, que não é de exclusividade dos brasileiros, é a região de maior biodiversidade do planeta. Ainda assim, é um grande mistério para os latinos, quanto mais para o mundo. Não só sobre a complexidade do ecossistema, mas sobre as muitas histórias de povos ainda isolados do que chamamos de mundo moderno. Uma região invisível, com altos índice de violência, miséria e ganância, especialmente no que se refere aos garimpos ilegais de ouro, que desnudam e contaminam o solo da região amazônica.
Ana Beltrame, que foi cônsul-geral do Brasil em Caiena, capital da Guiana Francesa, entre 2008 e 2013, conhece essa realidade e procura retratá-la em sua obra “O passeio de Dendiara”. A história se passa em uma porção amazônica do Amapá, na fronteira com a Guiana Francesa. Traz riqueza de detalhes sobre o bioma, as culturas, os alimentos, o linguajar e os meios de vida de personagens ribeirinhos, de animais selvagens e sobre a presença ainda exuberante da mítica floresta.
O livro conta a história de Dendy, personagem fictícia que representa situações de crianças originárias de famílias com quem interagiu enquanto esteve à frente da representação brasileira em Caiena. “O contexto e os fatos são verdadeiros. O vocabulário de Dendiara é o de uma criança daquela região, e eu presenciei muitas delas vivenciando cada um dos fatos narrados”, afirma Ana Beltrame, atualmente Cônsul Geral do Brasil na cidade de Rivera, no Uruguai.
A trama se desenvolve em torno de uma menina de cerca de 4 anos, cedida pela mãe, viciada em drogas e genitora de oito crianças, a uma “madrinha”, que a arrasta pelos caminhos desafortunados que possivelmente tenha percorrido na infância. Cozinheira e comerciante no garimpo ilegal, à noite prostituindo-se, e coloca a “afilhada” na mesma condição em troca da comida. Diante da gravidez de Dendy, a madrinha opta por salvá-la da selva, sob risco de ser executada, deixando-a na estrada entre Caiena e Saint-Georges, pequena cidade na margem francesa do Rio Oiapoque.
Sem mais spoilers, fica a recomendação dessa obra que detalha a realidade nua, crua e doída de milhares de crianças brasileiras da região amazônica, empurradas pela fome e o desespero para o garimpo ilegal e para a prostituição.
Confira entrevista exclusiva da Fala Feminina com Ana Beltrame, cujo livro está sendo lançado esta semana no RS.
Fala Feminina: O que a levou a escrever a história de Dendiara?
Ana: Eu vi acontecer. Achei que tinha que deixar meu testemunho, ainda que sob a forma de uma história de ficção.
Fala Feminina: Existe uma criança chamada Dendiara?
Ana: Não, não existe. Eu não poderia escrever um livro sobre uma criança real, porque estaria revelando, ainda que indiretamente, a identidade dessa criança, e isso é proibido pelo Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente.
Imagina você: uma criança passa por um incidente marcante, como aconteceu com Dendiara. Aí, dez anos depois, a criança já é um jovem adulto tentando viver saudavelmente sua vida e recuperar-se dos traumas da infância e, de repente, surge um livro contando a vida dela. Causaria mais sofrimento, não é?
Por isso, tomei um pouco de cada um dos casos que acompanhei, de crianças brasileiras na Guiana Francesa, e criei um personagem fictício. O livro é pura ficção. Mas é baseado em fatos reais, que aconteceram nos garimpos na Amazônia.
Fala Feminina: Acredita que poderia transformar a realidade de meninas como Dendiara?
Ana: Eu, sozinha, não posso. Nem eu e nem um grupo de pessoas bem-intencionadas. Nós podemos minorar os efeitos, mas não podemos alterar a estrutura que prejudica estas crianças. A sociedade, mobilizada em torno de princípios éticos, sim, pode.
O garimpeiro que extrai o ouro irregular da floresta e o ladrão que aponta um revólver para tomar seu relógio de ouro obedecem à mesma lógica de caos e violência: “não é certo, mas resolve meu problema de dinheiro”. Enquanto esta lógica vigorar, no garimpo, nas ruas das cidades e talvez entre vários políticos que abusam do poder, não será um pequeno grupo que mudará o país. A sociedade tem que valorizar a ética em todas as situações. Não existe uma “sacanagem do bem” que eu faço porque me beneficia, e uma “sacanagem do mal” que me prejudica. Ambas estão erradas. Ou erradicamos ambas, ou a conta não fechará nunca.
Fala Feminina: É comum ocorrer o que a mãe de Dendiara fez com ela, de entregá-la a uma terceira pessoa, no caso a “madrinha”?
Ana: Quando estive na Guiana Francesa, observei que a prática não era assim tão incomum. Conheci várias crianças que tinham sido dadas para criar, porque os pais não tinham condições. Em alguns casos, as crianças foram bem-tratadas. Era uma espécie de adoção irregular, mas havia um elo emocional entre os pais adotivos e a criança. Havia amor e carinho. Em outros casos, aconteceu o que narrei na história de Dendiara.
Fala Feminina: Que outras histórias poderiam ser escritas a partir de sua experiência nessa fronteira?
Ana: Ah, muitas! Mas não sou eu quem deve contá-las! São os brasileiros que cruzam a fronteira e vivem situações excepcionais que devem narrar suas histórias. Gostaria muito, também, que os homens e mulheres dos rincões do Brasil, das comunidades, das palafitas, da beira do rio, contassem suas histórias.
O Talmude, um dos livros sagrados dos Judeus, diz que onde há justiça, há paz. E onde não há justiça, não pode, não é possível haver paz. Você precisa de 270 policiais para matar um Lázaro, mas no momento que esse Lázaro morre, outros Lázaros estão de criando nas periferias, nas comunidades pobres, nos locais do Brasil onde a justiça não chega. Então daqui a alguns anos, nós vamos precisar de 2.700 policiais para matar dez Lázaros. Enquanto isso, mais e mais Lázaros estarão sendo gestados por um sistema político no qual não há justiça para todos.
“O passeio de Dendiara”
Ana Beltrame
Tema Editorial, 192 págs
R$ 40
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